Resource Type

Journal Article 747

Conference Videos 39

Conference Information 1

Year

2024 2

2023 47

2022 69

2021 70

2020 44

2019 57

2018 52

2017 73

2016 60

2015 39

2014 21

2013 22

2012 22

2011 21

2010 24

2009 22

2008 18

2007 20

2006 17

2005 10

open ︾

Keywords

development strategy 21

2035 9

China 9

food security 6

renewable energy 6

sustainable development 6

Alzheimer’s disease 5

COVID-19 5

technology foresight 5

China Railway’s “Go Global” strategy 4

H2S 4

concrete 4

energy revolution 4

finite element method 4

16S rRNA 3

energy transition 3

engineering science and technology 3

Saccharomyces cerevisiae 2

Additive manufacturing 2

open ︾

Search scope:

排序： Display mode:

Biosorption of Cd

Fengyu ZAN, Shouliang HUO, Beidou XI, Xiulan ZHAO

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2012, Volume 6, Issue 1,   Pages 51-58 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0206-9

Abstract: The biosorption of Cd and Cu onto the immobilized ( ) was investigated in this study. Adsorption kinetics, isotherms and the effect of pH were studied. The results indicated that the biosorption of Cd and Cu on the immobilized was fast at initial stage and then became slow. The maximum biosorption of heavy metal ions on immobilized were observed at pH 4 for Cd and Cu . by the pseudo-second-order model described the sorption kinetic data well according to the high correlation coefficient ( ) obtained. The biosorption isotherm was fitted well by the Langmuir model, indicating possible mono-layer biosorption of Cd and Cu on the immobilized . Moreover, the immobilized after the sorption of Cd and Cu could be regenerated and reused.

Keywords： Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae)     biosorption     heavy metals     immobilization    

HTML PDF Collect

Assembly of biosynthetic pathways in

Lidan Ye,Xiaomei Lv,Hongwei Yu

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2017, Volume 11, Issue 1,   Pages 126-132 doi: 10.1007/s11705-016-1597-8

Abstract: A robust and versatile tool for multigene pathway assembly is a key to the biosynthesis of high-value chemicals. Here we report the rapid construction of biosynthetic pathways in using a marker recyclable integrative toolbox (pUMRI) developed in our research group, which has features of ready-to-use, convenient marker recycling, arbitrary element replacement, shuttle plasmid, auxotrophic marker independence, GAL regulation, and decentralized assembly. Functional isoprenoid biosynthesis pathways containing 4–11 genes with lengths ranging from ~10 to ~22 kb were assembled using this toolbox within 1–5 rounds of reiterative recombination. In combination with GAL-regulated metabolic engineering, high production of isoprenoids (e.g., 16.3 mg?g dcw carotenoids) was achieved. These results demonstrate the wide range of application and the efficiency of the pUMRI toolbox in multigene pathway construction of .

Keywords： pathway assembly     toolbox     reiterative recombination     S. cerevisiae     biosynthesis    

HTML PDF Collect

Exergy analysis and simulation of a 30MW cogeneration cycle

Nikhil Dev, Samsher, S. S. Kachhwaha, Rajesh Attri

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2013, Volume 8, Issue 2,   Pages 169-180 doi: 10.1007/s11465-013-0263-9

Abstract:

Cogeneration cycle is an efficient mean to recover the waste heat from the flue gases coming out of gas turbine. With the help of computer simulation, design parameters may be selected for the best performance of cogeneration cycle. In the present work a program is executed in software EES on the basis of mathematical modelling described in paper to study cogeneration cycle performance for different parameters. Results obtained are compared with the results available in literature and are found in good agreement with them. Real gas and water properties are inbuilt in the software. Results show that enthalpy of air entering the combustion chamber is higher than that of the flue gases at combustion chamber outlet. For different operative conditions, energy and exergy efficiencies follow similar trends; although, exergy efficiency values are always lower than the corresponding energy efficiency ones. From the results it is found that turbine outlet temperature (TIT) of 524°C is uniquely suited to efficient cogeneration cycle because it enables the transfer of heat from exhaust gas to the steam cycle to take place over a minimal temperature difference. This temperature range results in the maximum thermodynamic availability while operating with highest temperature and highest efficiency cogeneration cycle. Effect of cycle pressure ratio (CR), inlet air temperature (IAT) and water pressure at heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) inlet on the 30 MW cogeneration cycle is also studied.

Keywords： Cogeneration cycle     air compressor     HRSG     gas turbine     regenerator     CR     IAT    

HTML PDF Collect

Optimization, Kinetics, and Equilibrium Studies on the Removal of Lead(II) from an Aqueous Solution Using Banana Pseudostem as an Adsorbent Article

Shridhar S. Bagali, Bychapur S. Gowrishankar, Aashis S. Roy

Engineering 2017, Volume 3, Issue 3,   Pages 409-415 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2017.03.024

Abstract:

Natural adsorbents such as banana pseudostem can play a vital role in the removal of heavy metal elements from wastewater. Major water resources and chemical industries have been encountering difficulties in removing heavy metal elements using available conventional methods. This work demonstrates the potential to treat various effluents utilizing natural materials. A characterization of banana pseudostem powder was performed using environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy before and after the adsorption of lead(II). Experiments were carried out using a batch process for the removal of lead(II) from an aqueous solution. The effects of the adsorption kinetics were studied by altering various parameters such as initial pH, adsorbent dosage, initial lead ion concentration, and contact time. The results show that the point of zero charge (PZC) for the banana pseudostem powder was achieved at a pH of 5.5. The experimental data were analyzed using isotherm and kinetic models. The adsorption of lead(II) onto banana pseudostem powder was fitted using the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The adsorption capacity was found to be 34.21 mg·g−1, and the pseudo second-order kinetic model showed the best fit. The optimum conditions were found using response surface methodology. The maximum removal was found to be 89%.

Keywords： Banana pseudostem     Lead     Isotherm     Adsorption     Response surface methodology    

HTML PDF Collect

Automated retrofit targeting of heat exchanger networks

Walmsley, Nathan S. Lal, Petar S. Varbanov, Jiří J. Klemeš

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2018, Volume 12, Issue 4,   Pages 630-642 doi: 10.1007/s11705-018-1747-2

Abstract: refinery case study with 27 streams and 46 existing heat exchangers demonstrated the retrofit method’s

Keywords： process retrofit     pinch analysis     heat exchanger network     heat recovery    

HTML PDF Collect

Techno-economic evaluation of wind energy in southwest Nigeria

Muyiwa S. ADARAMOLA, Olarenwaju M. OYEWOLA, Olayinka S. OHUNAKIN, Rufus R. DINRIFO

Frontiers in Energy 2012, Volume 6, Issue 4,   Pages 366-378 doi: 10.1007/s11708-012-0205-y

Abstract: In this study, an analysis of the wind energy potential in the southwest geo-political region of Nigeria was conducted. A 37-year (1971–2007) wind speed data set measured at 10 m height, obtained from eight meteorological stations within the region was analyzed using a 2-parameter Weibull function. Besides, a techno-economic evaluation of large wind energy conversion systems with power ratings ranging from 0.6 to 2 MW at different hub heights based on the levelized unit cost of electricity was made for the different sites considered. The result showed that electricity cost varied from 0.06997 and 0.11195 $/(kW·h) to 2.86611 and 4.58578 $/(kW·h) at limit values of turbine specific cost band intervals of 1000 and 1600 $/kW. It was further shown that Lagos, having the highest accumulated power outputs of 430.10 kW/a from DeWind D7 at 70 m hub height, is the most preferred for economically usable power generation in terms of the levelized unit cost.

Keywords： mean wind speed     Weibull distributions     wind turbine     techno-economic analysis     southwest geopolitical region     Nigeria    

HTML PDF Collect

Estimation of power in low velocity vertical axis wind turbine

Sampath S. S.,Sawan SHETTY,Chithirai Pon Selvan M.

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2015, Volume 10, Issue 2,   Pages 211-218 doi: 10.1007/s11465-015-0338-x

Abstract:

The present work involves in the construction of a vertical axis wind turbine and the determination of power. Various different types of turbine blades are considered and the optimum blade is selected. Mechanical components of the entire setup are built to obtain maximum rotation per minute. The mechanical energy is converted into the electrical energy by coupling coaxially between the shaft and the generator. This setup produces sufficient power for consumption of household purposes which is economic and easily available.

Keywords： wind turbine     shaft design     power generation     generator    

HTML PDF Collect

Biofuels and food security

Dmitry S. STREBKOV

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2015, Volume 2, Issue 1,   Pages 1-12 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2015052

Abstract: The major source of energy comes from fossil fuels. The current situation in the field of fuel and energy is becoming more problematic as world population continues to grow because of the limitation of fossil fuels reserve and its pressure on environment. This review aims to find economic, reliable, renewable and non-polluting energy sources to reduce high energy tariffs in Russian Federation. Biofuel is fuel derived directly from plants, or indirectly from agricultural, commercial, domestic, and/or industrial wastes. Other alternative energy sources including solar energy and electric power generation are also discussed. Over 100 Mt of biomass available for energy purposes is produced every year in Russian. One of the downsides of biomass energy is its potential threatens to food security and forage industries. An innovative approach proved that multicomponent fuel (80% diesel oil content for motor and 64% for in stove fuel) can remarkably reduce the costs. This paper proposed that the most promising energy model for future is based on direct solar energy conversion and transcontinental terawatt power transmission with the use of resonant wave-guide technology.

Keywords： fossil fuels     biofuels     food security     electric power     solar energy    

HTML PDF Collect

Orderly decorated nanostructural photoelectrodes with uniform spherical TiO

Bakhshayesh,S. S. Azadfar

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2015, Volume 9, Issue 4,   Pages 532-540 doi: 10.1007/s11705-015-1549-8

Abstract: This study presents a novel nanostructural electrode made of 20-nm-diameter nanoparticles, which orderly decorated with 2-µm TiO particles, deposited by a new gel process. The decorated electrode (DE) is better than the non-decorated electrode (NE) in both light scattering and light harvesting, as confirmed by diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction reveals that both electrodes have a mixture of anatase and rutile phases. The dye-sensitized solar cell based on the decorated electrode shows the highest power conversion efficiency of 7.80% as a result of less recombination demonstrated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. From internal power conversion efficiency measurement, the external quantum efficiency of DE cell at 530 nm is 89%, which is higher than that of NE cell (77%).

Keywords： dye-sensitized solar cell     uniform particles     TiO2 gel process     light harvesting    

HTML PDF Collect

Detection of void and metallic inclusion in 2D piezoelectric cantilever beam using impedance measurements

S. SAMANTA, S. S. NANTHAKUMAR, R. K. ANNABATTULA, X. ZHUANG

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2019, Volume 13, Issue 3,   Pages 542-556 doi: 10.1007/s11709-018-0496-0

Abstract: The aim of current work is to improve the existing inverse methodology of void-detection based on a target impedance curve, leading to quick-prediction of the parameters of single circular void. In this work, mode-shape dependent shifting phenomenon of peaks of impedance curve with change in void location has been analyzed. A number of initial guesses followed by an iterative optimization algorithm based on univariate method has been used to solve the problem. In each iteration starting from each initial guess, the difference between the computationally obtained impedance curve and the target impedance curve has been reduced. This methodology has been extended to detect single circular metallic inclusion in 2D piezoelectric cantilever beam. A good accuracy level was observed for detection of flaw radius and flaw-location along beam-length, but not the precise location along beam-width.

Keywords： piezoelectricity     impedance curve     mode shapes     inverse problem     flaw detection     curve shifting    

HTML PDF Collect

Microplastics pollution and reduction strategies

Wei-Min Wu,Jun Yang,Craig S. Criddle

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2017, Volume 11, Issue 1, doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0897-7

Abstract: Microplastic particles smaller than 5 mm in size are of increasing concern, especially in aquatic environments, such as the ocean. Primary source is microbeads (<1 mm) used in cosmetics and cleaning agents and fiber fragments from washing of clothes, and secondary source such as broken down plastic litter and debris. These particles are mostly made from polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyesters. They are ingested by diverse marine fauna, including zooplanktons, mussel, oyster, shrimp, fish etc. and can enter human food chains via several pathways. Strategy for control of microplastics pollution should primarily focus on source reduction and subsequently on the development of cost-effective clean up and remediation technologies. Recent research results on biodegradation of plastics have revealed a potential for microbial biodegradation and bioremediation of plastic pollutants, such as PE, PS and PET under appropriate conditions.

Keywords： microplastics     plastic microbeads     environmental pollution     biodegradation    

HTML PDF Collect

Soil health—useful terminology for communication or meaningless concept? Or both?

David S. POWLSON

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2020, Volume 7, Issue 3,   Pages 246-250 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2020326

HTML PDF Collect

Effect of lime on speciation of heavy metals during composting of water hyacinth

Jiwan SINGH,Ajay S. KALAMDHAD

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2016, Volume 10, Issue 1,   Pages 93-102 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0704-7

Abstract: Composting is attractive and inexpensive method for treatment and biomass disposal of water hyacinth. However, the major disadvantage of water hyacinth composting is the high content of heavy metals in the final compost. Addition of lime sludge significantly reduced most bioavailable fractions (exchangeable and carbonate) of heavy metals. Studies were carried on composting of water hyacinth ( ) with cattle manure and sawdust (6:3:1 ratio) and effects of addition of lime (1%, 2% and 3%) on heavy metal speciation were evaluated during 30 days of composting period. The Tessier sequential extraction method was employed to investigate the changes in speciation of heavy metals such as Zinc (Zn), Copper (Cu), Manganese (Mn), Iron (Fe), Lead (Pb), Nickel (Ni), Cadmium (Cd) and Chromium (Cr) during water hyacinth composting. Effects of physicochemical parameters such as temperature, pH and organic matter on speciation of heavy metals were also studied during the process. Results showed that, the total metal content was increased during the composting process. The higher reduction in bioavailability factor (BF) of Cu, Fe, Ni, Cd and Cr was observed in lime 2 treatment about 62.1%, 64.4%, 71.9%, 62.1% and 58.9% respectively; however higher reduction in BF of Zn and Pb was observed in lime 1 treatment during the composting process. Reducible and oxidizable fractions of Ni, Pb and Cd were not observed during the process. Addition of lime was very effective for reduction of bioavailability of heavy metals during composting of water hyacinth with cattle manure and sawdust.

Keywords： composting     lime     heavy metals     bioavailability factor     speciation    

HTML PDF Collect

Influence of loading ratio on flat slab connections at elevated temperature: A numerical study

S. AL-HAMD, Martin GILLIE, Safaa Adnan MOHAMAD, Lee S. CUNNINGHAM

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2020, Volume 14, Issue 3,   Pages 664-674 doi: 10.1007/s11709-020-0620-9

Abstract: For reinforced concrete members subjected to high temperature, the degree of in-service loading, commonly expressed as the loading ratio, can be highly influential on the structural behavior. In particular, the loading ratio may be pivotal in relation to the phenomenon of load-induced thermal strain. Despite its potentially pivotal role, to date, the influence of the loading ratio on both material and structural behavior has not been explored in detail. In practice, real structures experience variation in imposed loading during their service life and it is important to understand the likely response at elevated temperatures across the loading envelope. In this paper, the effect of the loading ratio is numerically investigated at both material and structural level using a validated finite element model. The model incorporates a proposed constitutive model accounting for load-induced thermal strain and this is shown to outperform the existing Eurocode 2 model in terms of accuracy. Using the validated model, the specific case of flats slabs and the associated connections to supporting columns at various loading ratios are explored. For the cases examined, a marked difference in the structural behavior including displacement direction was captured from low to high loading ratios consistent with experimental observations.

Keywords： concrete     finite elements     fire     load-induced thermal strain     punching shear    

HTML PDF Collect

Cancer and the environment: Filling knowledge gaps together

Linda S. BIRNBAUM PhD, DABT, ATS,

Frontiers of Medicine 2010, Volume 4, Issue 2,   Pages 131-133 doi: 10.1007/s11684-010-0044-3

Abstract: interactions between genes, their molecular expression, and environmental factors over a person’s

Keywords： environment     genes     environmental exposure     environmental agent     persistence     chemicals     inert ingredients     low dose    

HTML PDF Collect

Title Author Date Type Operation

Biosorption of Cd

Fengyu ZAN, Shouliang HUO, Beidou XI, Xiulan ZHAO

Journal Article

Assembly of biosynthetic pathways in

Lidan Ye,Xiaomei Lv,Hongwei Yu

Journal Article

Exergy analysis and simulation of a 30MW cogeneration cycle

Nikhil Dev, Samsher, S. S. Kachhwaha, Rajesh Attri

Journal Article

Optimization, Kinetics, and Equilibrium Studies on the Removal of Lead(II) from an Aqueous Solution Using Banana Pseudostem as an Adsorbent

Shridhar S. Bagali, Bychapur S. Gowrishankar, Aashis S. Roy

Journal Article

Automated retrofit targeting of heat exchanger networks

Walmsley, Nathan S. Lal, Petar S. Varbanov, Jiří J. Klemeš

Journal Article

Techno-economic evaluation of wind energy in southwest Nigeria

Muyiwa S. ADARAMOLA, Olarenwaju M. OYEWOLA, Olayinka S. OHUNAKIN, Rufus R. DINRIFO

Journal Article

Estimation of power in low velocity vertical axis wind turbine

Sampath S. S.,Sawan SHETTY,Chithirai Pon Selvan M.

Journal Article

Biofuels and food security

Dmitry S. STREBKOV

Journal Article

Orderly decorated nanostructural photoelectrodes with uniform spherical TiO

Bakhshayesh,S. S. Azadfar

Journal Article

Detection of void and metallic inclusion in 2D piezoelectric cantilever beam using impedance measurements

S. SAMANTA, S. S. NANTHAKUMAR, R. K. ANNABATTULA, X. ZHUANG

Journal Article

Microplastics pollution and reduction strategies

Wei-Min Wu,Jun Yang,Craig S. Criddle

Journal Article

Soil health—useful terminology for communication or meaningless concept? Or both?

David S. POWLSON

Journal Article

Effect of lime on speciation of heavy metals during composting of water hyacinth

Jiwan SINGH,Ajay S. KALAMDHAD

Journal Article

Influence of loading ratio on flat slab connections at elevated temperature: A numerical study

S. AL-HAMD, Martin GILLIE, Safaa Adnan MOHAMAD, Lee S. CUNNINGHAM

Journal Article

Cancer and the environment: Filling knowledge gaps together

Linda S. BIRNBAUM PhD, DABT, ATS,

Journal Article